Method of placing containers in projectiles.



E. SOKOLOWSKI. METHOD OF YLAOING CONTAINERS IN PROJEGTILES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3, 1911.

Patented Sept. 24,1912.

INVENTOR Swa -062d A TTORN E Y ran are miss canto Ennsr SOKOLOWSKI, or AMBURG, GERMANY, AssIGuon TO 11; I. no FONT DE NEMO'URS POWDER COMPANY, or VILMINGTON, DELAWARE, aoonrona'rron on NEW JERSEY.

METHOD OF PLACING CONTAINERS IN PROJECTILES.

Application filed August 3,

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ERNST SOKOLOWSKI, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Hambur Germany, have invented a new and useful mprovement in Methods of Placing Containers in Projectiles, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Heretofore explosive charge containers for guns were prepared in such manner that it was possible to placejthem with a small free-space' into any desired projectile of their type. This small space between the outer wall of the explosive charge contaiue'l and.- the inner wall of the projectile was filled in diiferent- Ways. A known method for the elimination of this free space consists in pouring into the projectile suitable molten filling materials, for instance paraf fin, and in pressing the explosive charge container into the projectile and the paraiiin contained therein. The molten materialjn this manner was forced to rise in the space between the explosive charge container and the inner wall of the projectile. When this filling material which on one hand adheres to the explosive charge container and on the other-hand to the inner wall of the projectile is chi1led,, a fixed/position of the explosive charge container in the projectile is insured. 'ihis method however oifersxt-he following disadvantagez. Itfrequently occurs thatthe molten paratfinvfills the empty space in an irregular manner, being chilled in some.:places and preventing there the rising of the molten material, while in other placesthe paraiiin rises more quickly, thus bringing about the presence of places which are not filled with' the paraflin. These empty spaces are liable to cause irregularities during the firing, occurring "in the following manner. With a violent initial impact in the barrel the explosive charge column strongly presses in the explosive charge container against the latter in a backward and in a backward and sidewise direction, and the explosive charge attempts .to expand to the outside of the container on those places where the latterdoes not find a strong resistance, for instance on those pia'ces where there are empty spaces between the explosive charge container and the-inner tan of- 'the projectile. l/Vhenever 'this pressure'is very strong during the first moment-pf theishot, it s of the projectile.

Specification of Letters Batent. Patented Sept, 24, 1912,

1911. Serial No. 642,294.

liable to occur that the entire rear end of the container is expanded, the plastic paraffin'yielding tothe front and escaping the pressure, being under the pressure strongly pressed against the container yielding at this place. A yieldingof the container at the head, against the pressure from the outside to the inside, appears possible, when at the. same time a contraction of the explosive charge to a certain extent is affected.

events phenomenon brought about in this or ma similar manner, movements with strong-frictionwlthin the explosive charge .and possible displacements of the explosive ;in'aterial are-.efiected. In this manner, wheneverthej force issuiliciently strong, the condition are favorable for a spontaneous ignitiog'rfinstanoe of the trinitrotoluol,

by \meaiispffshock, friction and pressure. 'I E ven some instances a spontaneous ;1g'n1tion of. the charge does-not take place,

itis possible that the center of gravity of the explosive charge is changed owing to the coir t-ractionof large explosive charges, thus affectingthe uniformity of the line of flight Still less favorable are the conditions, when the filling materialf, for rom above into'the empty space after the explosive charge container has been put in place.

When using this method the filling out of I the empty space is still more uncertain. The

parafin is chilled so quickly that a filling of the empty space at the most endangered part, the lower part of the explosive charge container, is not insured. It is not ad isahle'to purposely enlarge the empty space in order to insure 'a satisfactory pouring I i of the paraflin without the formation of empty spaces, due to the fact, as has been stated, that the yielding material in the case of an especially strong impact is capable of escaping from the back toward the fronaa --phenbmenon which-is bound to take place jthesooner the larger the empty space be;

tween the explosive charge; container and" inner wall of the projectile.-- In this manner, furthermore, the size of the explosive charge container, and as a consequence thereof the size of the explosive charge it- 165 self, are decreased in an undesirable manner, and a thick elastic material is present between the explosiv charge container and; the inner wall of the projectile whichpdocs? not participate in the detonation, thiisiinl undesirable manner on peding' in a \"Olz up of the pro ectile. In

the place of paiuilin the empty space between the explosive charge container and the inner wall of the projectile is in some instances tilled out by means of wrapping paper in snfiicient thickness around the ex plosire charge container. This paper Wrapper however does not till the space present at. the rear end of the explosive charge container behind the cylincl ical part of same. The paper wrapper, furthermore represents in the some manner as has been described above an unsatisfactory deed cushionbements a small quantity of a fused explosive,

for instance trinitro'loluol, is poured. Into this fused material the loadcdfl explosive charge container is pressed centered for in stance by means of thin wedges or by other means, and the .renmining interstices between the container and the wall of lhe projectile are tilled out with a fuse-d explosive,

for instance, trinitrotoluol. This pouring is Carried out under the application of-a socalled dead-head, using a flltlllll funnel which brings about that, by maintaining the jacketed pouring funnel heated during the process of chilling. during the chilling of the lower Yoneof the poured material in the projectile the upper portion of the material is nuiintained in liquid slate. Other known Join-in methods can. however. also be used.

This method can also b5 carried out in such nmnner that the explosive charge container is introduced intolhe emptyprojectile heated in accordance with requirements nnd that the fused explosii'e, for instance trinitroto- 11101 is then poured in. j

The odvantzigcs of this method are the following: The rormalion of empty spaces between the explosive charge container and the inner wall of the projectile are prevented with great certainty. After chilling't-he fused explosive is considerably inore solid and less yielding than the ductile paraliin which escapes more readily. By means of this manner of placing the explosive charge container in o. fixed position in the projec:

tile a greater certainty against premature spontaneous i gnitions of the explosive charge during the shot is obtained. The interstices between the explosive charge container the inner wall of the' ro ectiiefre in an odventegeous manner lled withlan explosive which actively participates in the explosion. The danger of a premature detonation of the explosivepoured into the their direct scattering'nction upon the jacket I of the projectile.

In the accompanying drawing I have shown in section a projectile with thecon= tainer in position, which projectile and-container embody my invention. H

As shown, a is the projectile, b is the container, f is the fused explosive (trinitrotoluol) filling the space between the wall of the container and the inner wall of theprojcctile. (Z are the centering wedges.

I do not herein claim the projectile described; as the same forms the subject matter of on application filed by me y OV BIDbOX 16th, 1911, a division of this application, Serial No. 6GO,691. I

' Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

l. The hereinbefore. described method whichv consists in filling the space between the explosive charge container and projectile with a fused explosive,

The hereinbefore described methodwhich consists in pouring into the projectile a fused explos ve, pressingflnto and centerwhich consists in pouring into the projectile a fused explosive, pressing into and centering the explosive container in said fused explosive, and filling any interstices between the container and the Wall of the projectile with a fused explgsive.

4..llhe hereinbefore described method which consists in pouring into a heated projectile a fused explosive, pressing into and centering the explosive container in said fused explosive.

The hereinbefore described method which consists in embedding the explosive container in a fused explosive in the projectile.

Q6. The hereinb'efore described method which consists in embedding and centering the explosive container in a. fused explosive I in the projectile.

1, 7. The hereinbefore described method which consists in embedding the explosive container in a fused explosive in the projectile, and filling any remaining interstices between the container and wall' of the pro-' In testimony of which invention, I have jectile with a fusedg explosive. 4 hereunto set my hand, at Berlin, on this 10 hereinbefogedddescribeid method 13th day of July, 1911.

w ic consists in em e ing an centering I r 5 the explosive container in a, fused explosive I ERNST O in the projectile, and-filling any remaining Witnesses:

interstices between theeontainer and wall of HENRY IhsPER,

the projectile with a Feed explosive. WOIDEMAR HAUPT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, 153 edfli'easing the Gommissionz of Eatente, v

- Washington, D. G, Y 

